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ACI Pharmaceuticals LtdProduct Description
Flunarizine is a selective, long-acting calcium channel blocker belonging to the diphenylmethylamine class, primarily utilized for the prophylactic treatment of migraine and the management of vestibular disorders such as vertigo. Unlike the calcium channel blockers used in cardiovascular therapy, flunarizine possesses a high affinity for central nervous system tissues and functions by preventing cellular calcium overload by inhibiting the excessive influx of calcium ions during periods of neuronal hypoxia or overstimulation. In the context of migraine prophylaxis, it works by reducing the frequency and severity of attacks through the stabilization of neuronal membranes and the modulation of neurotransmitters, particularly by inhibiting the release of substances that trigger cortical spreading depression. Additionally, flunarizine exhibits mild antihistaminic and dopaminergic antagonist properties, which contribute to its sedative effects but also necessitate caution regarding long-term use. A significant clinical consideration for flunarizine is its very long half-life, which allows for once-daily dosing (usually at bedtime) but also increases the risk of cumulative side effects, such as weight gain, depression, and extrapyramidal symptoms—including parkinsonism—particularly in elderly patients. Consequently, its use is typically reserved for patients who do not respond to other preventive therapies, requiring periodic clinical evaluation to ensure the benefits continue to outweigh the risks of its prolonged neurological profile.
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